Simultaneously Efficient Light Absorption and Charge Separation in WO₃/BiVO₄ Core/Shell Nanowire Photoanode for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation

We report a scalably synthesized WO3/BiVO4 core/shell nanowire photoanode in which BiVO4 is the primary light-absorber and WO3 acts as an electron conductor. These core/shell nanowires achieve the highest product of light absorption and charge separation efficiencies among BiVO4-based photoanodes to date and, even without an added catalyst, produce a photocurrent of 3.1 mA/cm2 under simulated sunlight and an incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency of ∼60% at 300–450 nm, both at a potential of 1.23 V versus RHE.