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  5. Neural correlates of human fear conditioning and sources of variability in 2199 individuals

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Preprint
en
2025

Neural correlates of human fear conditioning and sources of variability in 2199 individuals

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en
2025
DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/73ra8_v1

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Dan Joseph Stein
Dan Joseph Stein

Institution not specified

Verified
Joaquim Raduà
Hannah S. Savage
Enric Vilajosana
+80 more

Abstract

Pavlovian fear conditioning is a fundamental process in both health and disease. We investigated its neural correlates and sources of variability using harmonized functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 2,199 individuals across nine countries, including 1,888 healthy individuals and 311 with anxiety-related or depressive disorders. Using mega-analysis and normative modelling, we show that fear conditioning consistently engages brain regions within the "central autonomic–interoceptive" or "salience" network. Several task variables strongly modulate activity in these regions, contributing to variability in neural responses. Additionally, brain activation patterns differ between healthy individuals and those with anxiety-related or depressive disorders, with distinct profiles characterizing specific disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. While the neural correlates of fear conditioning are highly generalizable at the population level, variability arises from differences in task design and clinical status, highlighting the importance of methodological diversity in capturing fear learning mechanisms.

How to cite this publication

Joaquim Raduà, Hannah S. Savage, Enric Vilajosana, Fredrik Åhs, Narcı́s Cardoner, Josh M. Cisler, Juliana Belo Diniz, Steven G. Greening, Daphne J. Holt, Antonia N. Kaczkurkin, Andreas Keil, Merel Kindt, Kathrin Koch, Kevin S. LaBar, Charlene L.M. Lam, Christine L. Larson, Tina B. Lonsdorf, Christian J. Merz, Katie A. McLaughlin, Yuval Neria, Daniel S. Pine, Carien M. van Reekum, Alexander J. Shackman, Carles Soriano‐Mas, Victor I. Spoormaker, Daniel M. Stout, Benjamin Straube, Thomas Straube, Lauri Tuominen, Renée M. Visser, Laura Ahumada, Volker Arolt, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Paulo Rodrigo Bazán, Emma E. Biggs, Marta Cano, Samuel E. Cooper, Udo Dannlowski, Víctor De la Peña‐Arteaga, Stephanie N. DeCross, Katharina Domschke, Mana R. Ehlers, Alfons O. Hamm, Martin J. Herrmann, Ashley A. Huggins, Adriane Icenhour, Markus Junghoefer, Tilo Kircher, Katja Koelkebeck, Manuel Kuhn, Franziska Labrenz, Shmuel Lissek, Martín Lotze, Ulrike Lueken, Jürgen Margraf, Robert Moecker, Jayne Morriss, María Ortuño, Andre Pittig, Jan Richter, Isabelle C. Ridderbusch, Winfried Rief, Kati Roesmann, Jörgen Rosén, Alena Russmann, Rachel Sjouwerman, Jennifer Spohrs, Andreas Ströhle, Benjamin Suarez‐Jimenez, Ulrich Martin, Hans‐Ulrich Wïttchen, Xi Zhu, Lea Waller, Henrik Walter, Paul M. Thompson, Janna Marie Bas‐Hoogendam, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dan Joseph Stein, Nic J.A. van der Wee, Joseph E. Dunsmoor, André , Ben J. Harrison, Miquel À. Fullana (2025). Neural correlates of human fear conditioning and sources of variability in 2199 individuals. , DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/73ra8_v1.

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Publication Details

Type

Preprint

Year

2025

Authors

83

Datasets

0

Total Files

0

Language

en

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/73ra8_v1

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