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  5. General Resilience to Cope with Extreme Events

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Article
English
2012

General Resilience to Cope with Extreme Events

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0 Files

English
2012
Sustainability
Vol 4 (12)
DOI: 10.3390/su4123248

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Carl Folke
Carl Folke

Royal Swedish Academy Of Sciences

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Stephen R. Carpenter
Kenneth J. Arrow
Scott Barrett
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Abstract

Resilience to specified kinds of disasters is an active area of research and practice. However, rare or unprecedented disturbances that are unusually intense or extensive require a more broad-spectrum type of resilience. General resilience is the capacity of social-ecological systems to adapt or transform in response to unfamiliar, unexpected and extreme shocks. Conditions that enable general resilience include diversity, modularity, openness, reserves, feedbacks, nestedness, monitoring, leadership, and trust. Processes for building general resilience are an emerging and crucially important area of research.

How to cite this publication

Stephen R. Carpenter, Kenneth J. Arrow, Scott Barrett, Reinette Biggs, William Brock, Anne‐Sophie Crépin, Gustav Engström, Carl Folke, Terry P. Hughes, Nils Kautsky, Chuan-Zhong Li, Geoffrey R. McCarney, Kyle C. Meng, Karl-Göran Mäler, Stephen Polasky, Marten Scheffer, Jason F. Shogren, Thomas Sterner, Jeffrey R. Vincent, Brian Walker, Anastasios Xepapadeas, A.J. de Zeeuw (2012). General Resilience to Cope with Extreme Events. Sustainability, 4(12), pp. 3248-3259, DOI: 10.3390/su4123248.

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Publication Details

Type

Article

Year

2012

Authors

22

Datasets

0

Total Files

0

Language

English

Journal

Sustainability

DOI

10.3390/su4123248

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