Covalent Organic Frameworks: Emerging Organic Solid Materials for Energy and Electrochemical Applications

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), materials constructed from organic building blocks joined by robust covalent bonds, have emerged as attractive materials in the context of electrochemical applications because of their high, intrinsic porosities and crystalline frameworks, as well as their ability to be tuned across two- and three-dimensions by the judicious selection of building blocks. Because of the recent and rapid development of this field, we have summarized COFs employed for electrochemical applications, such as batteries and capacitors, water splitting, solar cells, and sensors, with an emphasis on the structural design and resulting performance of the targeted electrochemical system. Overall, we anticipate this review will stimulate the design and synthesis of the next generation of COFs for use in electrochemical applications and beyond.