Assessment of roadway bridges damaged by human errors using risk indicators and robustness index

To the bridges failures that have been arising over the years, experts have pointed out as the main cause of failure, human errors, in the design, construction and operation phases. One of the main goals of this paper is the identification of the foremost causes of failure due to human errors in design and construction procedures. Therefore, a bridge failure database that includes several failure cases and a human errors survey will be used to support this line of work. After the identification of some explicit human errors that is believed to be the source of several reinforced concrete bridges failures, a selective analysis using risk indicators, namely, the probability of occurrence and consequence, is performed to choose those that might represent a higher risk for the structural safety. The outcome of five selected human errors in a specific case study is quantified using a robustness index, computed according to the variation of the structure reliability index due to the damages caused by human errors, allowing to demonstrate their impact in the structural safety. The modelling process and the finite element analysis of the structure is performed using TNO DIANA software, allowing the calculation of the reliability index of the structure damaged by different human errors. Within the COST action TU-1406, the main goal of this work is a contribution for the establishment of a roadways bridge quality control plan with higher efficiency in the reduction of bridge failures, their mortality rates and economic loss.