Timing of Noncardiac Surgery After Coronary Artery Stenting With Bare Metal or Drug-Eluting Stents

The current guidelines have recommended postponing noncardiac surgery (NCS) for ≥6 weeks after bare metal stent (BMS) placement and for ≥1 year after drug-eluting stent (DES) placement. However, much debate has ensued about these intervals. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of different intervals between stenting and NCS and the use of dual antiplatelet therapy on the occurrence of perioperative major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). We identified 550 patients (376 with a DES and 174 with a BMS) by cross-matching the Erasmus Medical Center percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) database with the NCS database. The following intervals between PCI-BMS (<30 days, <3 months, and >3 months) or PCI-DES (<30 days, <3 months, 3 to 6 months, 6 to 12 months, and >12 months) and NCS were studied. MACEs included death, myocardial infarction, and repeated revascularization. In the PCI-BMS group, the rate of MACEs during the intervals of <30 days, 30 days to 3 months, and >3 months was 50%, 14%, and 4%, respectively (overall p <0.001). In the PCI-DES group, the rate of MACE changed significantly with the interval after PCI (35%, 13%, 15%, 6%, and 9% for patients undergoing NCS <30 days, 30 days to 3 months, 3 to 6 months, 6 to 12 months, and >12 months, respectively, overall p <0.001). Of the patients who experienced a MACE, 45% and 55% were receiving single and dual antiplatelet therapy at NCS, respectively (p = 0.92). The risk of severe bleeding in patients with single and dual therapy at NCS was 4% and 21%, respectively (p <0.001). In conclusion, we found an inverse relation between the interval from PCI to NCS and perioperative MACEs. Continuation of dual antiplatelet therapy until NCS did not provide complete protection against MACEs.