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Get Free AccessDuring the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in cancer patients, and many others are being investigated as standalone therapeutic interventions or combined with conventional treatments in clinical studies. Immunotherapies may be subdivided into "passive" and "active" based on their ability to engage the host immune system against cancer. Since the anticancer activity of most passive immunotherapeutics (including tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies) also relies on the host immune system, this classification does not properly reflect the complexity of the drug-host-tumor interaction. Alternatively, anticancer immunotherapeutics can be classified according to their antigen specificity. While some immunotherapies specifically target one (or a few) defined tumor-associated antigen(s), others operate in a relatively non-specific manner and boost natural or therapy-elicited anticancer immune responses of unknown and often broad specificity. Here, we propose a critical, integrated classification of anticancer immunotherapies and discuss the clinical relevance of these approaches.
Lorenzo Galluzzi, Erika Vacchelli, José Manuel Bravo‐San Pedro, Aitziber Buqué, Laura Senovilla, Elisa Elena Baracco, Norma Bloy, Francesca Castoldi, Jean-Pierre Abastado, Patrizia Agostinis, Ron N. Apte, Fernando Aranda, Maha Ayyoub, Philipp Beckhove, Jean‐Yves Blay, Laura Bracci, Anne Caignard, Chiara Castelli, Federica Cavallo, Estaban Celis, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Aled Clayton, Mario P. Colombo, Lisa M. Coussens, Madhav V. Dhodapkar, Alexander Eggermont, Douglas T. Fearon, Wolf H. Fridman, Jitka Fučíková, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Jérôme Galon, Abhishek D. Garg, François Ghiringhelli, Giuseppe Giaccone, Eli Gilboa, Sacha Gnjatic, Axel Hoos, Anne Hosmalin, Dirk Jäger, Paweł Kaliński, Klas Kärre, Oliver Kepp, Rolf Kiessling, John M. Kirkwood, Eva Klein, Alexander Knuth, Claire E. Lewis, Roland Liblau, Michael T. Lotze, Enrico Lugli, J P Mach, Fabrizio Mattei, Domenico Mavilio, Ignacio Melero, Cornelis J.M. Melief, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Lorenzo Moretta, Adekunke Odunsi, Hideho Okada, A. Karolina Palucka, Marcus E. Peter, Kenneth J. Pienta, Angel Porgador, George C. Prendergast, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Nicholas P. Restifo, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Catherine Sautès‐Fridman, Hans Schreiber, Barbara Seliger, Hiroshi Shiku, Bruno Silva‐Santos, Mark J. Smyth, Daniel E. Speiser, Radek Špíšek, Pramod K. Srivastava, James E. Talmadge, Éric Tartour, Sjoerd H. van der Burg, Benoı̂t J. Van den Eynde, Richard G. Vile, Hermann Wagner, Jeffrey S. Weber, Theresa L. Whiteside, Jedd D. Wolchok, Laurence Zitvogel, Weiping Zou, Guido Guido Kroemer (2014). Classification of current anticancer immunotherapies. , 5(24), DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.2998.
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Type
Article
Year
2014
Authors
88
Datasets
0
Total Files
0
Language
en
DOI
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.2998
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