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Analytic Design of an EV Charger Controller for Weak Grid Connection

Abstract

This article proposes an analytic approach to design the typical power factor correction (PFC) control of an electric vehicle (EV) charger to ensure small signal stability in weak grid conditions. Compared to the previous works, the proposed method considers the dynamics of all the control loops, i.e., phase-locked loop (PLL), voltage loop (VL), and current loop (CL). The impacts of key influential parameters on stability are analyzed. Furthermore, the upper limits of the PLL and VL bandwidth to ensure small signal stability are derived. Accordingly, the influences of the CL bandwidth, short circuit ratio (SCR), and the filter inductance on the upper limit of the PLL bandwidth and the VL bandwidth are quantified. Consequently, a design procedure that eliminates the need to model the input impedance for tuning the controller to prevent small signal instability is proposed. Simulations and experiments validate the analysis.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

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Wang Lu

Xiao Junjie

Bauer Pavol

Qin Zian

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Featured Keywords

Impedance

Power system stability

Phase locked loops

Stability criteria

Bandwidth

Resonant frequency

Thermal stability

Control design

EV charging

impedance-based method

stability analysis

weak grid

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Assessment of reinforced concrete building damages following the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Malatya, Turkey (February 6, 2023)

Abstract

Earthquakes of magnitude Mw = 7.7 and Mw = 7.6 hit the city of Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) on 6 February 2023. These earthquakes caused serious damage in 11 provinces in Turkey resulting in over 50,000 deaths and huge economic losses with the collapse of thousands of buildings. Two consecutive devastating earthquakes have severely damaged the reinforced concrete building stock located in Malatya. There are many reasons reinforced concrete structures suffer damage under the influence of seismic loads. These reasons can be listed as material and section properties that do not comply with earthquake codes, workmanship defects, ground parameters that are not considered and design errors, as seen in field investigations after earthquakes in Turkey in the past. In this research, a field study was conducted on reinforced concrete buildings damaged after the earthquakes in Malatya province. The causes of structural damages in reinforced concrete buildings between 6–26 years of age were assessed in terms of design and material defects. The structural damages were mainly caused due to insufficient stirrups in structural members, short column, strong beam–weak column, failures of infill walls, soft story type collapse, poor concrete quality, and reinforcement corrosion. In addition to the field investigation, the spectrum relationships created using raw acceleration data obtained from DEMP (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency) stations in Malatya province were compared with the design response spectra.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

Collapsed buildings

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