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Electrocatalytic activity of MnxOy-derived metal-organic frameworks for lithium-ion batteries, hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction

Abstract

The electrocatalytic activity of MnxOy materials derived from the metal-organic framework (Mn-BTC) was investigated in dry (for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)) and wet (for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER)) conditions while observing the phase transformation from annealing Mn-BTC in the air. As a result, the partial alpha-MnO2, Mn3O4, and Mn2O3 phases were formed at 300, 500, and 700 degrees C, respectively. The electrocatalytic activity of MnxOy materials follows the order (Mn3O4 > Mn2O3 > alpha-MnO2 > Mn-BTC) in both dry and wet conditions. For instance, Mn3O4 electrodes delivered an initial discharge/charge capacity of 1302/815 mAh g(-1) with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 62.6% when used as anodes for LIBs. They also exhibited a lower Tafel slope of 116 and 54 mV dec(-1) when applied to HER and OER, respectively. The structural analysis showed that the best electrocatalytic activity of Mn3O4 samples originated from the spinel Mn3O4 structure with Mn-2/Mn3+ ions occupying the tetrahedral and octahedral sites, high electrical conductivity and small grain size. This study provides insights into the role of physicochemical properties in controlling MnxOy phases from Mn-BTC materials via the annealing process towards applications as potential electrode materials for LIBs, HER, and OER.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

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Le Thu

Lai Hoa

Nguyen Tuan

Tran Quang

Tran Nhat

Doan Tan

Nguyen Linh

Pham Anh

Jayasankar Chalicheemalapalli

Jang Bogeun

Hong Jongill

Phan Thang

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Featured Keywords

Electrocatalytic activity

Li-ion batteries

Hydrogen evolution reaction

Oxygen evolution reaction

Metal-organic-framework

Manganese oxides

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Assessment of reinforced concrete building damages following the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Malatya, Turkey (February 6, 2023)

Abstract

Earthquakes of magnitude Mw = 7.7 and Mw = 7.6 hit the city of Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) on 6 February 2023. These earthquakes caused serious damage in 11 provinces in Turkey resulting in over 50,000 deaths and huge economic losses with the collapse of thousands of buildings. Two consecutive devastating earthquakes have severely damaged the reinforced concrete building stock located in Malatya. There are many reasons reinforced concrete structures suffer damage under the influence of seismic loads. These reasons can be listed as material and section properties that do not comply with earthquake codes, workmanship defects, ground parameters that are not considered and design errors, as seen in field investigations after earthquakes in Turkey in the past. In this research, a field study was conducted on reinforced concrete buildings damaged after the earthquakes in Malatya province. The causes of structural damages in reinforced concrete buildings between 6–26 years of age were assessed in terms of design and material defects. The structural damages were mainly caused due to insufficient stirrups in structural members, short column, strong beam–weak column, failures of infill walls, soft story type collapse, poor concrete quality, and reinforcement corrosion. In addition to the field investigation, the spectrum relationships created using raw acceleration data obtained from DEMP (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency) stations in Malatya province were compared with the design response spectra.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

Collapsed buildings

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