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Antidiabetic and antioxidant studies of novel synthesized titanium (IV) complex: Design, synthesis, in-silico docking and in-vitro studies

Abstract

[{TiCl3}(2)(C3N3S3H)] (where C3N3S3H is Trithiocyanuric acid) was designed and synthesized by the reaction of TiCl4 and trithiocyanuric acid in 2:1 M ratio under stirring and refluxing condition using THF solvent. The synthesized Titanium (IV) complex was characterized by various spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, NMR, MASS, XRD, UV-visible spectrophotometer and elemental analysis (CHNSO). Moreover, in-silico docking studies of the ligand and its Ti (IV) complex were carried out by AutoDockTools-1.5.6 to study interactions of the complex under study with the receptor protein. Afterwards, both ligand and synthesized Ti (IV)complex were screened for the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential by in-vitro method. The antioxidant potential was investigated by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay where ligand exhibited moderate activity while Ti (IV) complex presented significant antioxidant activity. Following, alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition was investigated using iodine-starch inhibition assay. It was found that the ligand was inactive (showed no alpha-amylase inhibition activity) while the Ti (IV)complex was a potent alpha-amylase inhibitor. Furthermore, the experimentally obtained results were also complimented by the in-silico results.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

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Kaushal Raj

Kaur Mandeep

Kumar Jatin

Gupta Pratiksha

Sharma Jyoti

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alpha-amylase inhibition

in-silico docking

myeloperoxidase

titanium (IV) complex

trithiocyanuric acid

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Assessment of reinforced concrete building damages following the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Malatya, Turkey (February 6, 2023)

Abstract

Earthquakes of magnitude Mw = 7.7 and Mw = 7.6 hit the city of Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) on 6 February 2023. These earthquakes caused serious damage in 11 provinces in Turkey resulting in over 50,000 deaths and huge economic losses with the collapse of thousands of buildings. Two consecutive devastating earthquakes have severely damaged the reinforced concrete building stock located in Malatya. There are many reasons reinforced concrete structures suffer damage under the influence of seismic loads. These reasons can be listed as material and section properties that do not comply with earthquake codes, workmanship defects, ground parameters that are not considered and design errors, as seen in field investigations after earthquakes in Turkey in the past. In this research, a field study was conducted on reinforced concrete buildings damaged after the earthquakes in Malatya province. The causes of structural damages in reinforced concrete buildings between 6–26 years of age were assessed in terms of design and material defects. The structural damages were mainly caused due to insufficient stirrups in structural members, short column, strong beam–weak column, failures of infill walls, soft story type collapse, poor concrete quality, and reinforcement corrosion. In addition to the field investigation, the spectrum relationships created using raw acceleration data obtained from DEMP (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency) stations in Malatya province were compared with the design response spectra.

article Article

date_range 2024

language English

link Link of the paper

Collapsed buildings

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